Spectrum of hematological diseases diagnosed by bone marrow examination in a tertiary care hospital

• Author Details:   
• M Atchyuta ^*
• P Premalatha
• I V Renuka
• P A. V Krishnamashary
• V Tejeswini

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Introduction: Hematological disorders are quite frequent in all age groups. Most of the hematological disorders first present as anemia. Bone Marrow Aspiration plays a major role in the diagnosis of its underlying cause.
Aim: The aim of this study was to know the spectrum of various hematological disorders diagnosed on bone marrow examination and to know the age and sex incidence.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried over a period of two years from January 2015- December 2016, in the department of Pathology, NRI Medical College, Chinakakani. Bone marrow examination was done on patients who were referred with suspected hematological disorders and a total of 375 cases were included in the study.
Results: The age range was from 13months - 83 years with male: female ratio of 1.1:1. Most common diseases observed on bone marrow examination were erythroid hyperplasia (34.2%) and megaloblastic anemia (10.9%). In Hematological malignancies most common were chronic leukemia’s (10.4%), followed by acute leukemia’s (6.4%).
Conclusion: Bone marrow examination is an important step to arrive at the confirmatory diagnosis of many hematological disorders including hematologic malignancies within a short span of time.

Keywords: Anemia, Bone marrow aspiration, Leukemia, Megaloblastic anemia.