- Visibility 118 Views
- Downloads 67 Downloads
A two year histopathological study of endometrial biopsies in a teaching hospital in Northern India
- Author Details:
-
Puneet Kaur
-
Anureet Kaur
-
Anil Kumar Suri
-
Harpreet Sidhu
Introduction: Endometrial biopsies and curettings constitute an important tool for diagnosis of endometrial pathology; whether benign, pre-malignant and malignant, and help the gynecologist to decide appropriate therapeutic strategy. The present study was carried out to document the histopathological appearances seen in endometrial biopsies, and their age–wise distribution in patients with infertility and abnormal (irregular, excessive or continuous) uterine bleeding due to endometrial causes.
Materials and Methods: A total of 214 specimens of endometrial curettings and biopsies from patients with abnormal uterine bleeding due to endometrial causes and inability to conceive, received in the Pathology department, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Rajpura, over a period of two years from January 2012 upto December 2013, were retrieved and analyzed retrospectively, and their findings were documented. The tissue had been received in 10% formalin, processed routinely, and the slides had been stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin.
Results and Conclusion: The most common histopathological diagnosis was proliferative endometrium seen 33% cases. Products of conception were confirmed histologically in 12% cases. Endometrial hyperplasias were seen in 09% cases, and disordered proliferative endometrium in 06%. Secretory endometrium was seen in 07% cases. 02% biopsies showed atrophic endometrium. Luteal phase defects were seen in 07% of the specimens. 01% cases showed tubercular endometritis and adenocarcinoma each. The most common finding in patients of infertility was proliferative endometrium indicating anovulatory cycles.
Endometrial biopsy is a valuable tool in assessment of endometrial status in infertility, as well as benign and malignant pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding due to relative ease and accessibility of procedure and rapid availability of results.
Keywords: Abnormal uterine bleeding, Infertility, Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, Hyperplasia, Carcinoma
References
- Ely JW, Kennedy CM, Clark EC et al. Abnormal uterine bleeding: A Management Algorithm. J Amer Board Fam Med 2006;19:590-602.
- ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Gynecology. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin: management of anovulatory bleeding. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2001;72(3):263-271.
- Munro MG, Critchley H, Fraser IS. The FIGO classification of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years. Fertility and Sterility 2011;95(7):2204-2208.
- Samson S-L, Donna G. Who needs an endometrial biopsy? Can Fam Physician 2002;48:885-887.
- Kafeel S, Mushtaq H, Alam S. Endometrial histological findings in infertile women. J Islamabad Med & Dental Coll 2102;2:61-64.
- McCluggage WG. My approach to the interpretation of endometrial biopsies and curettings. J Clin Pathol 2006;59(8):801-812.
- Yusuf NW, Nadeem R, Yusf AW et al. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding. A retrospective clinicopathological study over 2 years. Pak J Obstet Gynaecol 1996;9:27-30.
- Moghal N. Diagnostic value of endometrial curettage in abnormal uterine bleeding. J Pak Med Assoc 1997;47:295-299.
- Saraswathi D, Thanka J, Shalinee R et al. Study of endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol India 2011;61(4):424-430.
- Mahapatra M, Mishra P. Clinicopathological evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. J Health Res Rev 2015;2:45-49.
- McCluggage WG. Benign diseases of the endometrium. In Kurman RJ, Ellenson LH, Ronnett BM, eds. Blaustein’s Pathology of the Female Genital Tract.6 th edition. New York. Springer Verlag;2011:305-358.
- Devi LS, Singh MR, Singh LR et al. The histological and histochemical study of endometrium in dysfunctional uterine bleeding. J Med Soc 2012;26:167-170.
- Kotagasti T. Prevalence of different menstrual irregularities in women with abnormal uterine bleeding- an observational study. Int J Curr Res Rev 2015;7(10):66-
- Brenner PF. Differential diagnosis of AUB. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;175:766-769.
- Polaneczky MM, Slap GB. Menstrual disorders in the adolescent: Dysmenorrhoea and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Pediaatr Rev 1992;13:83-87.
- Vilos GA, Lefebvre G, Graves GR. “Guidelines for the management of abnormal uterine bleeding. SOGC clinical practice quidelines.” J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2001;23(8):704-9.
- Haynes PJ, Anderson ABM, Turnbull AC. Patterns of menstrual blood loss in menorrhagia. Res Clin Forums 1979;1:73-78.
- Livingstone M, Fraser IS. Mechanisms of abnormal uterine bleeding. Hum Reprod Update 2002;8(1):60-67.
- Donnez J. Menometrorrhagia during the premenopause: an overview. Gynecol Endocrinol 2011;1:1114-1119.
- Sweet MG, Schmidt- Dalton TA, Weiss PM et al. Evaluation and management of abnormal uterine bleeding in pre-menopausal women. Am Fam Physician 2012;85(1):35-43.
- Sutherland AM. Functional uterine haemorrhage: a critical review of the literature since 1938. Glasgow med J 1949;30:1-28.
- Dadhania B, Dhruva G, Agravat A et al. Histopathological study of endometrium in dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Int J Res Med 2013;2(1):20-24.
- Vakiani M, Vavilis D, Agorastos T et al. Histopathological findings of the endometrium in patients with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 1996;23:236-239.
- Bhonsle A, Fonseca M. Evaluation and histopathological correlation of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women. Bombay Hosp J 2010;52:69-72.
- Muzaffar M, Akhtar KAK, Yasmin S et al. Menstrual irregularities with excessive blood loss: a clinic- pathological correlation. J Pak Med Assoc 2005;55(11):486-489.
- Phillips V, McCluggage W. Results of a questionnaire regarding criteria for adequacy of Endometrial biopsies. J Clin Pathol 2005;58(4):417-419.
- Abdullah LS, Bondagji NS. Histopathological pattern of endometrial sampling performed for abnormal uterine bleeding. Bahrain Med Bull 2011;33(4):1-6.
- Clark TJ, Gupta JK. Endometrial sampling of Gynaecological Pathology. The Obstetrician and Gynaecologist 2002;4(3):169-174.
- Afghan S, Yasmeen A. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). A clinicopathological study of 150 cases. Ann Pak Inst Med Sci 2013;9(4):201-204.
- Patil SG, Bhute SB, Inamdar SA et al. Role of diagnostic hysteroscopy in abnormal uterine bleeding and its Puneet Kaur et al. A two year histopathological study of endometrial biopsies in a teaching hospital…. Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology, July-September 2016;3(3);508-519 519 histopathologic correlation. J Gynecol Endosc Surg 2009;1(2):98-104.
- Parmar J, Desai D. Study of endometrial pathology in abnormal uterine bleeding. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2013;2(2):182-185.
- Mutter GL, Zaino RJ, Baak JPA et al. Benign endometrial hyperplasia sequence and endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2007;26:103-114.
- Saadia A, Mubarik A, Zubair A et al. Diagnostic accuracy of endometrial curettage in endometrial pathology. J Ayub Med Coll Abbotabad 2011;23:129-131.
- Sathija K, Padma SK, Shetty KJ et al. Study of histopathological patterns of endometrium in abnormal uterine bleeding. CHRISMED J Health Res 2014;1:76-
- Vaidya S, Lakhey M, Vaidya S et al. Histopathological pattern of abnormal uterine bleeding in endometrial biopsies. Nepal Med Coll J 2013;15(1):74-77.
- Khan R, Sherwani RK, Rana S et al. Clinico-pathological patterns in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Iran J Pathol 2016;11(1):20-26.
- Sherman ME, Mazur MT, Kurman RJ. Benign diseases of the endometrium. In: Mazur MT, Kurman RJ, eds. Diagnosis of endometrial biopsies and curettings: A practical approach. 2nd edition. New York. Springer Verlag;2005:7-33.
- Baral R, Pudasaini S. Histopathological pattern of endometrial samples in abnormal uterine bleeding. J Path Nepal 2011;1:13-16.
- Soules MR, Wiebe RH, Aksel S et al. The diagnosis and therapy of luteal phase deficiency. Fertil Steril 1977;18:1033–1037.
- Hendrikson MR, Kempson RL. Endometrial epithelial metaplasias: proliferations frequently misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma. Report of 89 cases and proposed classification. Am J Surg Pathol 1980;4:525-542.
- Jetley S, Rana S, Jairajpuri ZS. Morphological spectrum of endometrial pathology in middle aged women with atypical uterine bleeding: A study of 219 cases. J Midlife Health 2013;4(4):216-220.
- Dangal G. A study of endometrium in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding at Chitwan Valley. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2003;5(2):110-112.
- Sloboda L, Molnar E, Popovic Z et al. Analysis of pathological results from the uterine mucosa1965-98 at the Gynaecology department in Senta. Med Pregl 1999;52(6-8):263-265.
- Society AC 2000 cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 2000;50:1-64.
- Pickar JH, Thorneycroft I, Whitehead M. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on the endometrium and lipid parameters: a review of randomized clinical trials, 1985 to 1995. Am J Obstret Gynecol 1998;85:729-734.
- Levi F, Franceschi S, Negri E et al. Dietary factors and the risk of endometrial cancer. Cancer 1993;71(11):3375-
- Voskuil DW, Monninkhof EM, Elias SG et al. Physical activity and endometrial cancer risk, a systematic review of current evidence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16: 639-648.
- Brinton LA, Berman ML, Mortel R et al. Reproductive, menstrual and medical risk factors for endometrial cancer: results from a case control study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:1317-1325.
- Bokhman JV. Two pathogenic subtypes of endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1983;15(1):10-17.
- Dallenbach-Hellweg G. The endometrium of infertility: A review. Pathol Res Pract 1984;178(6):527-53.
- Sahmay s, Oral E, Saridogan E et al. Endometrial biopsy findings in infertility: analysis of 12,949 cases. Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud 1995;40(6):316-321.
- Girish CJ, Manjunath ML. Morphological patterns of endometrium in infertile women- A prospective study IJABFT 2011;2(3):512-520.
- Punyashetty KB, Patil AG, Andola SK et al. A study of endometrial etiological spectrum in causation of infertility in Gulberga, Karnataka. I J of Pub Health Res Dev 2013;4:38-44.
- Ojo BA, Izegbu MC, Aboyeji RA et al. Endometrial sampling in infertility. The Ilorin, Nigeria, experience. Nigerian Medical Practitioner 2006;50(1):15-18.
How to Cite This Article
Vancouver
Kaur P, Kaur A, Suri AK, Sidhu H. A two year histopathological study of endometrial biopsies in a teaching hospital in Northern India [Internet]. Indian J Pathol Oncol. 2016 [cited 2025 Nov 01];3(3):508-519. Available from: https://doi.org/
APA
Kaur, P., Kaur, A., Suri, A. K., Sidhu, H. (2016). A two year histopathological study of endometrial biopsies in a teaching hospital in Northern India. Indian J Pathol Oncol, 3(3), 508-519. https://doi.org/
MLA
Kaur, Puneet, Kaur, Anureet, Suri, Anil Kumar, Sidhu, Harpreet. "A two year histopathological study of endometrial biopsies in a teaching hospital in Northern India." Indian J Pathol Oncol, vol. 3, no. 3, 2016, pp. 508-519. https://doi.org/
Chicago
Kaur, P., Kaur, A., Suri, A. K., Sidhu, H.. "A two year histopathological study of endometrial biopsies in a teaching hospital in Northern India." Indian J Pathol Oncol 3, no. 3 (2016): 508-519. https://doi.org/